Ancient Egyptians

Table of Contents Thesis Statement†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 1 Time period†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 2 Geography/Location†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 Political Characteristics†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 Economy†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 8 Religious Beliefs†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 12 Social Structure†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 15 Achievements/Accomplishments†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦18 Decline of Ancient Egypt†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦20 Personal Observations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 22 Bibliography†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 23 Thesis Statement Ancient Egypt has made incredible achievements at all aspects of a civilization. Over the years, Ancient Egypt has had many cultural accomplishments in art, architecture, and different philosophies which are still cherished today. Egypt is located in the northeastern corner of Africa, bordering on the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Red Sea to the east. Religiously speaking the ancient Egyptians are polytheistic and believe in multiple deities or gods. They overall believe that there are divine forces that rule the Earth and the afterlife. The ancient Egyptians have gone through a long and interesting line of rulers. In our modern time period today, we can look back, learn and cherish the ancient Egyptians. Time Period †¢3100 BC – Hieroglyphics developed and King Menes united the Upper and Lower Kingdoms. †¢2700 BC – Pyramid building began, also the beginning of the Old Kingdom †¢2200 BC – The collapse of the Sixth Dynasty and the Old Kingdom; beginning of the Middle Kingdom †¢1700 BC – Earliest evidence of diagnostic medicine in Egypt and foreign invaders occupied the delta region; the fall of the Middle Kingdom †¢1550 BC – The rise of the New Kingdom 1503 BC – Woman ruler exercised all the rights of a pharaoh †¢1200 BC – Ramses became the most powerful pharaoh †¢1100 BC – The collapse of the New Kingdom †¢670 BC – The Assyrians attacked Egypt †¢525 BC – The Persians conquered Egypt †¢330 BC – Alexander the Great conquered Egypt †¢30 BC – The Romans conquered Egypt The ancient Egyptians went through many turning points from the Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms. The most important events were when the Egyptians were getting invaded and taken over by many different people, including the Persians, Alexander the Great and his men, and for the longest period of time, The Romans. During these times ancient Egypt was stripped down from some of their freedoms and traditions and also some cultural diffusion was forced upon them. 2 Geography/Location As you read in the â€Å"Thesis Statement†, Egypt is located in the northeastern corner of Africa, bordering on the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Red Sea to the east. The Egyptians most important natural resource was the Nile River, which flows from the Mediterranean Sea. They believed that they were blessed by the Nile and believed that the river was a gift from the Gods. The ancient Egyptians geographically ivided their land into two types, the â€Å"black land† and the â€Å"red land†. The â€Å"black land† was considered the fertile land on the banks of the Nile. Ancient Egyptians used this land for growing crops. This was the only land in Egypt that could be farmed because a layer of rich, black silt was spread on the land every year after the Nile flooded. The â€Å"red lan d† was the barren desert that protected Egypt on two sides. These deserts 3 protected ancient Egypt from nearby countries and invading armies. They also provided the ancient Egyptians with a source for different kinds of metals and stones. Egypt’s proximity to the Nile River enabled the Egyptians the trade, farm, make clothing, and ultimately use the river to its fullest. The ancient Egyptians use to sing a hymn of praise to the Nile for nourishing their land, these are the lyrics†¦ â€Å"If the Nile smiles, the Earth is joyous, Every stomach is full of rejoicing, Every spine is happy, Every jawbone crushes its food†. 4 Political Characteristics The Ancient Egyptian Government was dominated by a single man, the Pharaoh. The Egyptians believed that the ruler was more a man, but that he was a god. This gave the Pharaoh absolute control over affairs of the Empire and its people. Ancient Egypt was also considered as a theocracy, which was controlled by the clergy. The Pharaoh’s advisors and ministers were almost all priests, who were considered the only ones worthy and able to carry out the god-king’s commands. In most of the religious ancient societies, priest has a special status above the rest of the citizens. The governmental officials included the prime minister, the chief treasurer, the tax collector, the minister of public works, and the army commander. These officials were directly responsible to the Pharaoh. The land itself was divided up into provinces called nomes. Each nome had a governor, and was appointed by the Pharaoh, and responsible to the prime minister. Taxes were paid in goods and labor. Citizens were drafted into the army and forced labor for periods of time to pay the labor tax. Slaves, mercenaries, and draftees were often used in the army. It is believed, 5 however, that Egyptian slaves were not used to construct sacred monuments, such as the Pyramids. Egyptologist were led to this conclusion by recent finding of worker burial grounds near such monuments. The workers received proper Egyptian burials, where as slaves did not. The majority of Egyptian people were peasants who worked he land along the fertile Nile flood basin. These people had no voice in the government, and accepted the fact because it was backed by their religion. This aspect of the Egyptian’s religion helped keep Egypt so powerful and centralized during its high points. One of the most powerful rulers of ancient Egypt was the mighty Ramses II. Ramses was very ambitious and looked to expand the Egyptian empire northward as far as Syria. He constructed many temples and monuments and boasted of his conquest. In a battle against the Hittites, Ramses had outstanding bravery and prevented himself from a crushing defeat. Ramses was well respected and went in history for his achievements. His tomb is located in the Valley of the Kings, and his mummy is thought to be one of the most best-preserved mummies ever found. 6 Another greatly respected pharaoh of Egypt was King Menes. Menes was actually known as the first true leader of Egypt. He accomplished much, including the unification of the Upper and Lower Kingdoms of early Egypt. After Menes united the Kingdoms the Egyptian monarchy lasted in a recognizable form for over three thousand years. 7 Economy There were many aspects to the Ancient Egyptian economy. The Egyptians traded, educated, and farmed. The Egyptians had a large range of resources at their disposal varying from food and cloth, to metals and gems. Some of Egypt’s agricultural products were grain, vegetables, fruit, fish, attle, goats, pigs and fowl which were the primary food resources and flax was also grown to be spun into linen. A large proportion of grain was used for beer production. In ancient Egypt there was a good variety of metals, but only a small number were used including copper, bronze, and iron. Gems for the upper classes and the pharaoh and much stone were used for the construction of temples and of course the pyramids. The majority of the population more than nine tenths lived on the land in mostly village 8 communities. The land they worked in belonged in theory to the gods and in particularly the gods â€Å"Osiris† and â€Å"Horus† and his earthly incarnation or â€Å"avatar†, the pharaoh. The ancient Egyptian economic system was called a â€Å"command economy†. Administrators, priests, traders, and craftsmen lived mostly in the cities along the Nile. Some of the most commercial cities or capitals of ancient Egypt were Zawiyet el-Mayitin, Abydos, Naqada, el-Kula, Edfu, Seila and the island of Elephantine in the Nile River at modern Aswan. These provincial capitals were popular religious and economic centers serving the surrounding countryside. In ancient Egypt, a major part of the taxes imposed on the 9 people were used to keep the society running smoothly. Grain was one of the most taxed resources as it could be stored relatively easy and was very vital in years of bad harvests. Three thousand years of development pointed out just how effective this economy was. With the help from transportation by the Nile River, the Egyptians sold their products sold on the market. The Egyptians set up trade routes to reach distant countries. They often visited the countries along the Mediterranean Sea and the near the Upper Nile River because they were immediately adjacent to Egypt and contained materials that the Egyptians desired. These visited countries included Cyprus, Crete, Greece, Syro-Palestine, Punt, and Nubia. Some of the items that the Egyptians would bring back to Egypt would be leopard skins, giraffe tails, monkeys, cattle, ivory, ostrich feathers/eggs, and gold. When the Egyptians visited Punt, there a major source for incense, also Syro-Palestine provided ceder, oils, unguents, and horses. Horses were originally used in 10 ancient Egypt, and then the domesticated camel was introduced at around 500 BC. The economy in ancient Egypt was overall mainly very stable and structured over the years. 11 Religious Beliefs Religion was very important to the Ancient Egyptians. Their religion was strongly influenced by tradition, which caused them to resist change. Egyptians did not question the beliefs which had been handed down to them; they did not desire change in their society. Their main aim throughout their history was to emulate the conditions which they believed had existed at the dawn of creation. The Egyptians were polytheistic people that believed in multiple gods/deities. The god represented various forces of nature, thought patterns and power, and expressed by the means of complex and varied archetypes. These deities were worshipped with offerings and prayers in local household shrines, as well as in formal temples managed by priests. Different gods were prominent at different periods of Egyptian history, and the myths associated with them hanged over time, so Egypt never had a coherent 12 hierarchy of deities or a unified mythology. The religion of the Egyptians, however, contained many overarching beliefs. Among these were the divinity of the pharaoh, which helped to politically unify the country, and the complex beliefs about an afterlife, which gave the Egyptians’ elaborate burial customs concluding the process of mummification. Ancient Egyptians had many deities, here are some examples of the most important and famous ones.. Amun – The Egyptians believed that this god created himself in the beginning of time. They also believed him to be the father of the pharaohs. This god looks like a man with a beard, feathered crown, and shown as a ram or a ram-headed man. His name means the hidden one. Geb – Geb was a bearded god with a goose on his head. He was known as the healer and provider of crops. The Egyptians believed that when that Geb laughed that’s what caused the earthquakes. Egyptians had feared he might imprison the dead. 13 Mut – Mut is Egyptian goddess, also known as the mother of all living things. Her hieroglyphic symbol is the vulture. She is a woman wearing a vulture headdress sometimes. She also sometimes wears a double crown to represent lower and upper Egypt. Osiris – Orsiris was a strong element in Egyptian mythology. He was one of the five children born from the god of earth and the goddess of skies. He was inherirted to the throne of Egypt. Ra – The God Ra is the Egyptian god of the sun, light, heat, and the supreme judge. Also he was known as â€Å"Re- Horakhty†, which means Horus of the Horizon. A god with a sun disk around his head, he is worshipped all along Egypt. Egyptians believed he created the world, and the rising sun is the symbol of creation. The sun rising and setting meant renewal. He is ultimately known as the master of life. 14 Social Structure In the ancient times of Egypt the top of the social importance was the pharaoh, then the government officials such as the nobles priests, next were the soldiers, then scribes, merchants, artisans, farmers, and lastly slaves/ servants. The pyramid has been used as a visual metaphor to describe the social structures of ancient Egypt. The position of an individual in the social pyramid was determined by birth circumstances such as class, gender, race, and the relationship among social groups were determined by their occupations. Ancient Egypt was ruled by a very small rich upper class who enjoyed power and wealth while the large masses of Egyptian workers and peasants struggles to subsist. The ruling class depending on a social system of administrators, who organized the work force, managed resourced and taxed the surplus production. For their services, these government officials received favors and could rise to the highest ranks in the administration. 15 The upper class of Egypt despised the lower classes as inferiors, and many instances of abuse were committed, but peasant and farmers were not slaves. They had property rights and servants could inherit their master’s possessions when is they died without children. Other members of the working class, artisans, were their own masters. They owned property and land, and could freely buy and sell their products in the market. Education in ancient Egypt was not very advanced. At a young age children were mainly taught by their parents. Most parents would try to instill in their kids various educational principles, moral attitudes, and views of life from a tender age. For girls, they would always stay with their mothers. Very few careers were open to most women. While most woman trained for motherhood and how to be a good wife, some girls could train to be dancers, entertainers, weavers, or bakers. Only the daughters of wealthy nobles received an education in reading or writing. The boys were mainly raised by their fathers. Son usually followed the same trade that their fathers practices. Some of the boys at this time attended a general village school while others attended a school 16 designed for a specific career such as a priest or a noble. Schools taught writing, reading, math, and sports as well as morals and manors. At the age of fourteen, the sons of farmers or craftsmen joined their dads in their profession. Those children whose parents had higher status careers continued their education at special school usually attached to temples or government centers. The educational experiences in ancient Egypt had both similarities and differences compared to the present education in the U. S. A. It was similar because most parents like in ancient Egypt teach their kids moral values and educational principles. Unlike Egypt, in America it is a law that all American children must go to school and get an education. The selective school in Egypt taught similar subjects to the children, but it America present time , there is a lot more variety and opportunities for the future. 17 Achievements/Accomplishments There were many achievements of the ancient Egyptians including the quarrying, surveying and constructional techniques that facilitated the building of monumental pyramids, temple, and obelisks. They also established a system of mathematics, a practical and effective system of medicine, irrigation systems and agricultural production techniques. They had the first known ships, Egyptian faience and glass technology, new forms of literature, and the earliest known peace treaty. Egypt truly left a lasting legacy. Their art and architecture were widely copied, and sent around the world today. Egypt’s monumental ruins have inspired the imaginations of travelers and writers for centuries. In the mathematical area, Egyptians used a numbering system based on ten. They used vertical tally marks to represent the numbers one through nine, then they used symbols for larger numbers. For example, a heel stood for 10, a crook was 100, a flower was 1000, a finger was a 10,000, and a tadpole represented 100,000. 18 In the science department, the Egyptians believed that â€Å"Thoth†, in the form of an ibis, was the inventor of astrology and mathematics, he was known as the god of wisdom and magic. The Egyptians had many outstanding cultural achievements concluding mainly art and architecture. The Egyptian art was highly symbolic and a painting or sculpture was not meant to be a record of as the result of subtle changes, not as altered conception of arts or its role in society. The pyramids of Egypt are the most famous and mind-blowing structures built by the Egyptians. The Egyptian also had some literature mostly written on papyrus, also contains elements of art. The writings included hymns to the gods, mythological and magical texts, and mortuary texts. 19 Decline Egypt was once one of the most powerful civilizations on the planet. The decline of Egypt started at around 1000 BC when there was struggle for power by priests and nobles and the country started to spilt up. Rich people wanted to take over Egypt and hired men to conquer certain areas of Egypt. As there was a struggle for power, enemies from other countries invaded Egypt. The Cushites ruled Egypt from about 767 BC until they were defeated by the Assyrians in 671 BC and then Egypt took back their country in 525 BC. In 343 BC, the Persians took over Egypt as a part of their conquest. Later, a man named Alexander the Great conquered most of Europe and Africa including Egypt. Alexander became the Pharaoh of the Egyptian Empire and he was loved by the Egyptian people. He was committed to the well being of people so he chose not to change their ways. After Alexander died, his generals each ruled areas he conquered, this period of Alexander lasted for 20 300 years until the Romans took it over. The Romans ruled Egypt for seven centuries, Egypt was a great source of wealth to the Romans. The Romans brought Christianity to Egypt. The Roman period of Egypt was peaceful even though the ancient religion of Egypt was taken over by the fast spread of Christianity. The period of ancient Egypt lasted from 3000 BC – 639 AD, was at the end when Arabs brought the religion of Islam to Egypt. The fall of this rich civilization is probably one of the most interesting parts, in not just Egyptian history, but ancient history in general, since Egypt was the most powerful civilization in the world at the time. 21 Personal Observations I truly think Egypt is one of the most amazing ancient civilizations of all time. I choose Egypt for my research paper because I believe that they have so much unique culture and mind-blowing accomplishments. From this research paper I have learned many new things about ancient Egypt that I never knew before. I thought that all the monuments and pyramids were very impressive. Also the architectural design of the Egyptians is truly creative and inspiring. I hope that people in our modern time can learn how to appreciate the integrity of the Egyptians, and hopefully by reading this research paper it well help. 22 Bibliography Books – The school textbook of world history, â€Å"Egyptian art† by Cryril Aldred, â€Å"Egypt† by DK Publishing Websites – www. wsu. edu, www. ancientegypt. co. uk, www. kingtutone. com, www. reshafim, www. ancient-egypt. org 23

Dead beat dads Essay

A dead beat dad should be penalized for not taking care of their child by providing financial support. Dead beat dads should serve jail time; attend an educational program, and show these men the circumstances that they have forced their child and mother to live in. In most homes children are born out of wedlock. Even though a child is born out of wedlock, it is still both parents responsibility to contribute to the child needs. Unfortunately, its easier said than done because this is not happening much in today’s world. A deadbeat dad isn’t just someone who doesn’t pay child support. A deadbeat dad is also a man that is mostly never around his kids, break promises that he makes to his kids, and doesn’t help contribute to his kids house hold by taking care of home finically. The term â€Å"deadbeat dad† came from child support agencies that used the term to identify men who had fathered a child and choose not to pay child support ordered by a family court of law. According to the University of Maryland Medical Center, â€Å"Children who have fathers in their lives learn better, have higher self-esteem and show fewer signs of depression than children without fathers†. Dead beat dads are a menace to our society. First and foremost the police needs to arrest these dead beat dads in put them in jail. They should go to jail if there child support payment is 3 weeks or more late. 3 weeks is enough time so that the child want have to suffer no longer than they should. The place of arrest should be at their job or hang out area. What an awesome way to put these men down just like they done to their child. By doing this it will show these men that their behavior is not acceptable. A father’s decision to leave their household and not help support his family can cause a lot of unnecessary conflict in the family. It is easy for a man and a woman to make a baby in the heat in the moment. However, in most cases the father decides he doesn’t want anything to do with the mother or the newborn leaving the baby fatherless. The responsibilities that the father is faced with such as child support or just being around a newborn baby can scare them away. It is not fair to a child or a mother to be walked out on. It is the father responsibility just as well as the mother to take care of a child that they created. Most men feel irritated with the mother but he’s only getting what he started. Putting these men in jail will definitely make them start paying their child support. While these men are in jail they should be required to attend educational programs. This program will teach these men parenting skills and how important it is to be in their child’s life and the importance of child benefits and financial support. These men should also attend a psychology class that teaches them the consequences that a dead beat dad can have on their child. Dead beat dads should be required to read personal stories wrote by kids that experienced hurt that has been caused by men that has failed to be a father. Hopefully this will open up these men eyes and help them realize how much harm these children go through. The goal is to teach these men how important it is to help these women out with the children they’ve created. Education is very important when it comes to these dead beat dads. With these educational parenting programs, these men would have what it takes to raise their children the right way. Dead beat dads will make better decisions on raising their child with education. Last but not least it is important that the actions we take teach these men a lesson that sticks with them for life. After they complete the educational classes, then these men should be placed in an afflicted home where they will be required to take care of a computerized baby for 1 month. These men will be forced to go find work to take care of themselves and the baby because no food, transportation, or clothes will be given to them. These deadbeat dads shall be required to purchase baby food and diapers for the computerize baby. While these men attend these programs they will also be required to pay back all owed child support. With taking these steps these dead beat dads will understand the nurture of a child. With all this taking place dead beat dads want be a menace to our society any more. Men that choose to not take full responsibility for their children will no longer be accepted in this world. This problem will no longer exist. This problem with dead beat dads has not only affected families but also it has become a public problem that must be addressed now. The goal is to make sure that no child shall ever suffer again because of a dead beat dad. Innocent children need both of their parents in them lives. With these extremes our society will rehabilitate dead beat dads while helping innocent children.

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Distributors Dell Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 10

Distributors Dell - Essay Example From this paper it is clear that, due to this illicit practice which violated the contract Dell had signed with these distributors the company had to file lawsuits against their own distributors. Another mistake Dell made was that it did not foster long term relationships with distributors in order to create partnerships. There was a sense of distrust between the distributors and Dell because the distributors believed that Dell at any time would stop using their services and introduce a direct sales model in China. A third mistake the company made was that it did not invest any resources in to enhance functionality of their supply chain function with its distributors. The company could have gotten more involved in the operation of its distributors by providing managerial and technical assistance. If the company would have established a mutual relationship based on respect and high ethical standards the distributors would have seen Dell as a business allied instead of just another com pany with a product to sell. When a company creates close relationship with suppliers and distributors it enables a business to obtain concessions and favors the firm would otherwise not receive. A fourth mistake the company made was delegating market strategy to its distributors. The communication between Dell and its distributors was weak. Due to this fact the distributors moved the merchandise utilizing their own criteria without taking into consideration any strategic input from Dell. The problem with the direct model in China was that the company was entering a market in which the people had different expectations than the US market. First of all a computer purchase to a Chinese person means a lot more than to a customer in the US or Europe because a worker would have to save money for nearly two years before they could make such a purchase.  

Night Vision Devices and History Research Paper

Night Vision Devices and History - Research Paper Example They incorporated active infrared to brighten up the scene. This was followed by generation 1 devices that relied on ambient light as opposed to an infrared light source. Examples of these devices include AN/PVS-2. With the changing technology, second generation night vision devices were developed. These devices featured a more advanced image intensifier than the previous generations (Stew 31). Seemingly, better clarity of the image was realized. Examples of these devices includes AN/PVS-4 and AN/VS-5 What Called For These Devices to Be Implemented Into Our Society Global population increase led to increased incidences of criminal activities. To curb this vice government institutions alongside nongovernmental organizations installed the night vision devices within their structures, this enabled proper monitoring of activities. The persons that thought of and developed this technology A night vision scientist, John Johnson, developed methods that predicted the target detection, identi fication and recognition (Anonymous 1). Upon the development of the image intensifier instrument, Johnson involved volunteer’s observers in order to test an individual ability to identify targets under varied conditions. Notably, this period marked a considerable development in the performance modeling of the night vision imaging systems. Other scientists behind this technology were George, Goodrich, James Ignatowski and William Wiley. They researched on the continuous channel electron multiplier APPLICATIONS FOR NIGHT VISION DEVICES. Application towards Safety Personnel using them For Search and Rescue. Night vision devices are used all over the world in rescue and maritime search. In a man overboard scenario, only the head of the person floating is visible. It is often visible as red or white balls against a dark background because the thermal heat of t greater the human head is greater than that of the water thus creating a 24 hour response capability (Anonymous 1). Moreov er, managing rescue at the sea has always been a complex undertaking. Occasionally, on scene commandos employ thermal imaging to keep track of the victims and their rescue personnel in the water. Notably, the improved situational awareness often increases the safety of all involved. As such, incorporation of the thermal imagers allows the maritime personnel to monitor whatever that is happening on land even in the event of darkness. Scientists using them for Further Scientific Research. Dr. Mark Horns of the department of engineering science and mechanics at Penn State University is working on the materials for night vision use. Thermograph employs vanadium oxide since its resistance changes with temperature (Vogel 36). It has been established that the relation between the change in temperature and resistance results to the temperature coefficient of resistivity of a material. At Penn State University, Dr. Horns group are currently studying on how nanotechnology enhancement to the m aterial properties and fabrication methods can help increase the temperature coefficient of resistivity for higher sensitivity, as well as, reduce production costs. The materials used are produced in the lab primarily by engaging the Pulsed DC Sputtering (Vogel 39). Medical Personnel using A Variant of NVDs for Practice or Further Medical UUT LIFESTAR’S is a civilian aero medical program that has embraced the night vision technology. It has been certified by the federal aviation administration to use

Human Resource Interview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Human Resource Interview - Essay Example We are supported by the state government and our staff strength comprise of 440 full time and about 200 part time faculty/employees. While leading a non-profit organization my role is to supervise the smooth running of the institution and objective try to achieve the goals set by the vision and mission statement. I am responsible for managing the Human Resources and to arrange and organize funding, training and administration of this division. I report to the Principal. The mission statement: We identify and meet the educational needs, primarily of adults, in our principal geographic service area of northeast Dallas, Richardson, and Harland. We offer courses, programs, and services to enable students to achieve their educational goals, and become lifelong leaders, community builders, and global citizens. We enable employees to model excellence in their service to students, colleagues, and community. A2: We own several properties that have been converted into campuses. Richmond is located in Dallas and is the largest amongst them. It comprises of ten buildings surrounded by lakes and parks. Being environment friendly is one great challenge. The other is dealing with a great number of nationalities that constitute our students. Managing cultural diversities harmoniously is another great challenge. All this requires that the faculty and staff be very considerate and this is a great HRM challenge to ensure an amicable atmosphere all around. But this human capital needs monetary capital for training and compensation and that too poses a great challenge for me. A3: Of course there are other challenges that one faces in such a diverse and large organization. All problems relate to people in the end. However I see to it that I restrict my activities to my department only without bringing personal feelings or value judgments into actions or decisions. A4: My job requires for me to be

The field of Image Processing refers Essay Example for Free

The field of Image Processing refers Essay The field of Image Processing refers to processing digital images by means of digital computer. One of the main application areas in Digital Image Processing methods is to improve the pictorial information for human interpretation. Most of the digital images contain noise. This can be removed by many enhancement techniques. Filtering is one of the enhancement techniques which is used to remove unwanted information (noise) from the image. It is also used for image sharpening and smoothening. Some neighborhood operations work with the values of the image pixels in the neighborhood and the corresponding values of a sub image that has the same dimensions as the neighborhood. The sub image is called a â€Å"filter†. The aim of this project is to demonstrate the filtering techniques by performing different operations such as smoothening, sharpening, removing the noise etc. This project has been developed using Java language because of its universal acceptance and easy understandability. The Image Processing is based on client-server model. A client sends a request with image that is to be processed to the server computer. The server computer receives the image and process it according to client request and sends the result back to the client machine. Keywords— Image Processing, Human Interpretation, Filtering, Smoothening \ INTRODUCTION Interest in digital image processing methods stems from two principal application areas: improvement of pictorial information for human interpretation; and processing of image data for storage, transformation, and representation for autonomous machine perception. An image may be defined as a two-dimensional function, f(x , y), where x and y are spatial coordinates, and the amplitude of f at any pair of coordinates (x , y) is called the intensity or gray level of the image at the point. When x, y, and the amplitude values of f are all finite, discrete quantities, we call the image a digital image. The field of digital image processing refers to processing digital images by means of digital computer. Digital image is composed of finite number of elements, each of which has a particular location and value. These elements are referred to as picture elements, image elements, pels, and pixels. Pixel is the term most widely used to denote the elements of a digital image. Sometimes a distinction is made by defining image processing as a discipline in which both the input and output of a process are images. Filters are one of digital image enhancement technique used to sharp the image and to reduce the noise in the image. There are two types of enhancement techniques called Spatial domain and Frequency domain techniques which are categorized again for smoothing and sharpening the images. LITERATURE SURVEY AND OUTCOME The Enhancement Techniques make information more visible. The various types of image processing techniques are as follows. A. Histogram equalization- Redistributes the intensities of the image of the entire range of possible intensities (usually 256 gray-scale levels). Unsharp masking-Subtracts smoothed image from the original image to emphasize intensity changes. B. Convolution- It is a technique in which 3-by-3 masks operating on pixel neighborhoods. Highpass filter-Emphasizes regions with rapid intensity changes. Lowpass filter-Smoothes images, blurs regions with rapid changes. C. Math processes- In this technique, It performs a variety of functions. Add images-Adds two images together, pixel-by-pixel. Subtract images-Subtracts second image from first image, pixel by pixel. Exponential or logarithm-Raises e to power of pixel intensity or takes log of pixel intensity. Nonlinearly accentuates or diminishes intensity variation over the image. Scaler add, subtract, multiply, or divide-Applies the same constant values as specified by the user to all pixels, one at a time. Scales pixel intensities uniformly or non-uniformly Dilation-Morphological operation expanding bright regions of image. Erosion-Morphological operation shrinking bright regions of image. D. Noise filtering- It decreases noise by diminishing statistical deviations. Adaptive smoothing filter-Sets pixel intensity to a value somewhere between original value and mean value corrected by degree of noisiness. Good for decreasing statistical, especially single-dependent noise. Median filter-Sets pixel intensity equal to median intensity of pixels in neighborhood. An excellent filter for eliminating intensity spikes. Sigma filter-Sets pixel intensity equal to mean of intensities in neighborhood within two of the mean. Good filter for signal-independent noise. PROBLEM FORMULATION AND METHODOLOGY The System Model We consider a cloud computing model for image processing system. The system will be designed in such a way that the processing of image is performed on server machine rather than client machine. In this, client sends the image with its required request of processing to server machine to process it accordingly. The server machine receives the request and process it and finally send back the result to client machine. Existing System: In the Existing System, A number of image processing techniques, in addition to enhancement techniques, can be applied to improve the data usefulness. Techniques include convolution edge detection, mathematics, filters, trend removal, and image analysis. The Image processing is performed to client computer itself so the overhead to client computer increases due to processing of Image. Proposed System: The proposed system can be summarized as the following three aspects: Most of the digital images contains noise. This can be removed by many enhancement techniques. Filtering is one of the enhancement techniques which is used to remove unwanted information (noise) from the image. It is also used for image sharpening and smoothening.. The Image Processing is based on client-server model. A client sends a request with image that is to be processed to the server computer. The server computer receives the image and process it according to client request and sends the result back to the client machine. The image processing is performed on server computer so there is much less overhead on client computer to process an image. Work done In Image processing methodology, we study the different types of enhancement techniques like noise filtering, image sharpening, image smoothening etc. with the help of different references. Now finally we concluded how to complete this project and we prepared some modules that will be present in our project. And to complete this project we require minimum system requirement and project specification as follows: SOFTWARE ENVIRONMENT: Operating system: windows 98/XP or later versions Tool: Java Frames HARDWARE ENVIRONMENT: Processor : Pentium III RAM : 64 MB Harddisk : 2. 1GB Processor speed : 512 MHZ Modules: User/client: In this module user selects an image through GUI. Request: It is a module that belongs to client side that generate request message for server. Process: It’s the module lying on server side that processes the image sent by the client. Reply: It is also a server site module that forward the result after processing of element to client machine. Server: In this module, server machine receives the request from client process it and reply back the result to client. CONCLUSIONS The objective of the project is to smooth and sharp the images by using various Filtering techniques. Where Filtering techniques are one of the enhancement techniques in the Digital image processing. Here in the project I had implemented few spatial domain filters and frequency domain filters. Where spatial domain filters removes the noise and blurs the image. And frequency domain filters are used to sharpen the inside details of an image. The Image Processing is based on client-server model. A client sends a request with image that is to be processed to the server computer. The server computer receives the image and process it according to client request and sends the result back to the client machine. Filters are useful in many application areas as medical diagnosis, Army and Industrial areas. REFERENCES Gonzalez, Rafael; Steve Eddins (2008). 4. Digital Image Processing (2nd ed. ). Mc Graw Hill. p. 163. Tinku Acharya and Ajoy K. Ray (2006). Image Processing Principles and Applications. Wiley InterScience. Wilhelm Burger and Mark J. Burge (2007). Digital Image Processing: An Algorithmic Approach Using Java. Springer. ISBN 1-84628-379-5. R. Fisher, K (2002). Digital Image Processing. Springer. ISBN 3-540-67754-2. Milan Sonka, Vaclav Hlavac and Roger Boyle (1999). Image Processing, Analysis, and Machine Vision. PWS Publishing. Tim Morris (2004). Computer Vision and Image Processing. Palgrave Macmillan.

The Loss of a Loved One Essay Example for Free

The Loss of a Loved One Essay The loss of a loved one will leave you feeling empty inside as if the world will never be the same again and nothing will ever be able to heal your pain. The truth is that time heal all wounds and the world keeps going on as if nothing ever happened.When my gran passed away the last thing I really wanted to hear from anyone was that it would get better at time continued, but they were right. Life is too short and you should live everyday as if it was your last because you never know when it could end. June 3rd 2010. Was possibly the worst day of my life. I had found out my gran had died. I felt like my whole world had come crashing down. My gran and I were extremely close. I told her absolutely everything, knowing that she was only ever a phonecall away. After I received the call, I cried a bit. I sat in a daze for a while, thinking about my gran, trying to come to terms with what I had just heard but also trying to stay strong for my little brother who didn’t really know what was going on. Other family members dealt with it in different ways: tears, humour, eating, cooking, cleaning. Some wanted to talk about her. Some wanted to talk about anything else. Some wanted to talk about nothing at all. I had learned that the best thing you can do is take a deep breath and realize that everyone around you is dealing with the same thing you are, in their own way. You just need to be there when others want to talk and back off when they don’t. Also letting go of the bad memor ies is vital. When people pass away, there is a window of opportunity there to let lots of little,petty things go and let the bad memories take a back seat, at least for a little while and just remember the good things, so that you can remember them for the good things and not the bad which helps with the grieving process. And through this ordeal I learnt that people grieve in different ways. I remember waking up on the day of the funeral and feeling slightly odd, not in a bad way because I was sad, but I was happy. Some people may say that I was being selfish for feeling happy but the truth is, I didnt care. I felt as if my gran was in a better place now and watching over my family and I. When the funeral came around, we sat in the church hall listening to everyone’s memories about her and tears came flooding back. But it was amazing to hear that she had changed so many peoples lives and even though she was gone, she would always be in everyones heart forever. As her coffin moved slowly into the blast furnace the hall fell silent, I could hear small weeps from every direction. I managed to choke back my tears. I wanted to stay strong. To show my family that I was coping with my grans sudden death. A few days after the funeral I started feeling depressed, knowing that when I went to visit my granda my gran wouldnt be there. I remember visiting my granda one day after school and sitting in silence, the house was so quiet that you could here a pin drop. When my gran was alive there was never a moments silence, she was always so cheerful no matter how bad her day had been. My granda had asked me if I could get his inhaler from his bedside cabinet in his bedroom. I hesitated before walking into the bedroom, the bedroom which my gran had slept in. The room was as cold as ice, the bed looked as if it hadnt been slept in for a good few days. I threw myself onto their bed and saw a picture of my gran and I on her cabinet and burst into tears. I just missed her so much. I felt as if someone had ripped my heart out, but I know I wasnt the only person feeling like this.I constantly felt like this for weeks like my life wasnt worth living anymore. I just missed her so much, I was always down and rarely ever happy. One day everything got worse, Khloe my cousin had told me that she had actually considered suicide, my 17 year old cousin was thinking about taking her own life because she missed my gran so much. I had tried to talk to my cousin and persuade her to think otherwise and she agreed. I didnt know if she was being genuinely serious or she was just agreeing with me to shut me up. There was something that made me think she was lying. I started getting worried about her, phoning and texting her everyday and night to make sure she was feeling okay. It got to a point where I couldnt handle it anymore I felt as if I had to tell someone, anyone I just had to get it off my chest. I decided that I had to tell my dad. My dad was shocked when I told him what Khloe was considering to do. My dad and I decided to talk to her, luckily we did eventually manage to talk her out of it. My dad had told her that our gran would not have wanted her to be silly and take your her life she would have wanted her to live life to the fullest and enjoy each day as it comes and now when my cousin looks back she realizes just how silly she was to even think of such a thing. From my grans death, our family have grew closer. The family members that I might have only seen at family occasions, I now see them once or twice a month. I personally feel as if I have grown stronger as an individual by this experience.

Knowledge, Skills and Values in Social Work Assessments

Knowledge, Skills and Values in Social Work Assessments Outline the key areas of knowledge, skills and values required to carry out an effective and anti-oppressive social work assessment. Illustrate your answer from one of the following areas of professional practice: Mental Health The key areas of knowledge, skills and values which are required to carry out an effective and anti-oppressive social work assessment within the are mental heath have been set out within the various theories of social work assessment and involve engagement, effective communication skills, good inter-personal skills, non judgemental viewpoints, planning skills, confidence, experience, knowledge of the service user’s case history and an informed approach to assessment of users (Williams, (2002) 1) (Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Mental Health Partnership NHS Trust (2006) 14). This list is by no means exhaustive and it certainly is the case that there are some skills which merely require common sense and a pragmatic approach to the practice of social work assessment (Cree, V. (2003) 40) (Payne, M. and Shardlow, S. (2001) Ch. 1). From the writer’s perspective, specifically within the area of mental health, these skills arguably need to be more attuned in the social worker who wishes to carry out effective and anti-oppressive social work assessment. The social worker within the area of mental health will also require a firm knowledge base of the ways in which mental illness may manifest itself, and therefore the social worker will be able to identify the symptoms of common mental illnesses such as depression, bi-polar disorder, schizophrenia and others more readily and accurately. In this sense a combination of a good knowledge of the theory and practice of mental health social work will be essential tools for the social worker who wishes to be able to carry out effective and anti-oppressive social work assessment. An effective and anti-oppressive social work assessment in the area of mental heath is a complex process which requires an understanding of the complex socio-legal environment that the social worker often operates within (Beckett and Maynard (2005) 46). This means that the social worker will need to be familiar with the various regulatory and legal frameworks within which they must operate (Higham (2006) Ch 1) (Beckett, C. (2006) Ch. 1) (Davies, M. (2000) 1-20). The social work care ethos is also increasingly making the role of the social worker more onerous and this viewpoint is supported by the presence of more prescriptive practice guidance in the area (Beckett, C. (2006) 4) (General Social Care Council (2006) 1). The Department of Health has issued specific policy guidance in the area and in particular the policy guidance which is of relevance here is that which relates to vulnerable adults and the mentally ill. The General Social Care Council, which was set up in 2001[1], has is sued guidance and codes of conduct for social workers outlining these frameworks and the context in which they should be adhered to, and this is particularly highlighted by the General Social Care Council themselves through their website (http://www.gscc.org.uk). Other bodies such as the Social Care Institute for Excellence have conducted sociological research which has shaped these contexts and frameworks. Within the sphere of mental health care assessment, the Social Institute for Excellence has issued guidance on how the needs of mentally ill older people should be assessed and they have given the following advice about mental health care assessment: ‘Everyone has mental health needs, though only some people are diagnosed as having a mental illness†¦.older people are more likely to experience events that affect emotional well-being, such as bereavement or disability†¦.Health and social care professionals should carry out an assessment of the needs of†¦people they are working with, which means talking†¦about†¦health and any illnesses or disabilities†¦finding out†¦any problems†¦. (www.scie.org.uk)’. This above mentioned guidance has made the position of social worker more complicated. This rationale particularly applies to the area of mental health, because the skills needed to deal effectively in this area require an ability to relate to people across a whole spectrum of ages. In this sense, anti-oppressive and effective social work assessment is key. However, what are the ingredients of an effective and anti-oppressive social work assessment? Perhaps this is a question which invites an extremely broad response, which is open to subjective interpretation. Nevertheless, it is possible to argue that planning and effective assessment are two of the most important competencies when it comes to social work assessment. This is the case, perhaps primarily because the law requires the social worker to be aware of the legal duties which they owe to mentally ill and other patients (General Social Care Council (2006) 1). However, the assessment of mentally ill patients is often associated with a minefield of difficulties. One piece of legislation which is relevant in this regard is the Mental Health Act 1983 which is often instrumental to social workers in their efforts to deliver appropriate care within the area of mental health. However, this piece of legislation places legal responsibilities upon social workers as well as other social care professionals who deliver frontline services to mentally ill people. It is a controversial piece of legislation and it is also regularly invoked by professionals within the field of social care. This makes the responsibilities which are owed by social workers to their service users even more crucial, and it makes good values such as understanding, non-judgemental behaviour and views and honesty even more important within the sector of social work assessments. It is the case that many controversial issues come to light when the Mental Health Act is invoked in the interests of a mentally ill user who lacks the mental capacity to care for themselves. Firstly, there is the issue of deprivation of liberty by virtue of the Mental Health Act, and a social worker will often be asked for their opinion in the execution of the provisions of the Mental Heath Act, or they will be required to support service providers such as doctors who may not know a patient as well as the social worker does. This legislation allows for a mentally ill person to be ‘sectioned’ and brought to an institution against their will in order to receive treatment for mental health problems. In this particular regard, the principles of effective and anti-oppressive social work assessment are very important, not least because the input of social workers will often be considered key where a doctor or other senior health care professionals will be required to invoke p owers under the Mental Health legislation. A mentally ill person often may not appreciate what care is best for them, and interventions are often necessary to deliver the care that is required. However, this power of intervention can be abused, misused and conversely it may negligently not be invoked when it should have been. This is where effective communication and interpersonal skills are pivotal to the social worker who wishes to carry out an effective assessment. The powers which may be affected under the Mental Health Act require the support of two of more health care professionals, one of whom must usually be a doctor. This means that the social work must be capable of communicating their opinions on the most sensible intervention, the service user’s history and background, to the various actors who will be involved in the process whereby the need of a mentally ill person will be assessed (Scottish Executive (2006) Section 1.3) (Hill, M. (1991) Ch. I) (Philpot, T. (1998) 1-10). Communicating their opinions may n ot always be a direct process, which is why social workers are often required by law to keep adequate records and case histories of their contact with vulnerable people in their capacity as social workers, so that information can be communicated to other professional actors who need to rely upon it through record keeping. On another level and in terms of communication and interpersonal skills, the social worker must also be able to communicate with the service user themselves. This is particularly difficult for the social worker, as they will often be the first individual who will be informed that a mentally ill service user is perhaps in need of the intervention of social care providers. In this context, and from the personal point of view of the writer, planning the interaction between social worker and service user through reading the background and case history of the person involved, if this information is available will be pivotal. This process is all the more difficult as the service user may lack any communication, and or inter personal skills. Mental illness is often a very absorbing process, and the service user may also be frightened or delusional, and consequently not capable of effective or any communication. Therefore the social worker’s communication and inter personal skills are often tested immeasurably within the context of a mental health care assessment, and are crucial tools if assessment is to be carried out effectively and anti-oppressively. The interpersonal and communication skills which are needed must also be non judgemental, and this is very important if an anti oppressive assessment is to be carried out. The social worker must be prepared to distance themselves personally from the situation, and not to take any unwarranted criticism from the service user with mental health too personally. The person will inevitably feel very threatened by interventions from outside agencies and actors, and this will often lead to an angry reaction from the service user involved. It must also be remembered that communication between social worker and user may not always be through language, and therefore a calm outlook on life, as well as confidence and experience are also key factors which must be considered by the social worker who wishes to carry out appropriate assessments. These factors will often be picked up on, even sub consciously by the mentally ill service user, who may feel more threatened if they feel that the person wh o approaches them to assess their needs is not entirely confident of their own abilities. In conclusion therefore, there are many skills which are critical when the needs of a mentally ill person are to be assessed and these may often be described in terms of knowledge, skills and values. This essay has argued that out of all the competencies that a social worker must have, communication skills, interpersonal skills, record-keeping and planning are arguably the most important. Sound values and skills such as administrative and managerial skills are also pivotal, but this essay has argued that without good communication skills, in particular a social worker’s ability to carry out effective and anti-oppressive assessments will be compromised. Bibliography Books Beckett, C. and Maynard, A. (2005) Values and Ethics in Social Work. Publisher: Sage Publications. Place of Publication: UK. Beckett, C. (2006) Essential Theory for Social Work Practice. Publisher: Sage Publications. Place of Publications: UK. Cree, V. (2003) Becoming a Social Worker. Publisher: Routledge. Place of Publication: UK. Davies, M. (2000) The Blackwell Encloyopedia of Social Work. Publisher: Blackwell. Place of Publication: Oxford, UK. Higham, P. (2006) Social Work: Introducing Professional Practice. Publisher: Sage Publication. Place of Publication: London, UK. Hill, M. (1991) Social Work and the European Community: Social Policy and Practice Contexts. Publisher: Kingsley Publishers. Place of Publication: UK. Payne, M. and Shardlow, S. (2001) Social Work in the British Isles. Publisher: Kingsley Publishers. Place of Publication: UK. Philpot, T. (1998) Caring and Coping: Guide to Social Services. Publisher. Routledge. Place of Publication: UK. Articles Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Mental Health Partnership NHS Trust (2006) Strategy for Social Work and Social Care. Publisher: Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Mental Health Partnership NHS Trust. Place of Publication: UK. General Social Care Council (2006) GSCC Welcomes Healthcare Professional Regulation Reviews. Publisher: General Social Care Council. Place of Publication: UK. General Social Care Council (2006). Social Worker Cautioned Following Hearing in London. Publisher: General Social Care Council. Place of Publication: UK. Scottish Executive (2006) The Need for Social Work Intervention. Publisher: Scottish Executive. Place of Publication: UK. Williams, C. (2002) A Rationale for an Anti-Racist Entry Point to Anti-Oppressive Social Work in Mental Health Services Critical Social Work, 2002 Vol. 3, 1. Websites http://www.scie.org.uk/news/mediareleases/2006/200406.asp http://www.gscc.org.uk/Good+practice+and+conduct/ Footnotes [1] (under the Care Standards Act 2000).

Abortion in Australia Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive Argument Essay

Abortion in Australia   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Our world today is full of unsolved, devisive and controversial issues. Most of them relate to our morals, ethics and religion, thus creating a very strong ‘yes’ and ‘no’, or ‘good’ and ‘bad’ side. Like the Chinese Yin and Yang sign, abortion has a very prominent ‘black’ and ‘white’ side but also contains traces of each in the alternating colour. This shows that if you were to come to any kind of conclusion on abortion, there would still be a downside to it, and that is primarily why the world cannot agree on this sensitive and emotional issue.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Being female myself, I can understand why a woman would want to have an abortion. Being pregnant and wishing you weren’t is probably the worst feeling a woman can have. Knowing that if you brought a child into the world and you didn’t want it, or you would have to give it up for adoption is such a disheartening way to start off, and you and the un-born child would be so much better off if you were to terminate the pregnancy and wait for a more appropriate time, or in the case of rape, put the past behind you and move on.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Society has attached a stigma to abortion. When we hear of women having abortions, we seem to automatically think that she wasn’t careful enough, or she didn’t use contraception. We forget to stop and think about the other possible reasons she may have accidentally become pregnant. Just forgetting to take one pill per packet can reduce it’s effectiveness and also taking anti-biotics, or being ill can also undermine the way the pill works. Condoms can tear or be forgotten, and emergency contraceptives like the ‘morning after’ pill are underprescribed and not readily available. Would it surprise you that over 50% of women getting an abortion in Britain used some form of contraception when they got pregnant? This obviously shows that women are having huge problems with using contraception, and something needs to be done about it now. Starting by educating women more on the pill and the way it works, the after effects of abortion, and the risks of having an abortion. We don’t want abortion to become the easy way out though. People just need to know more about it and have to satisfy specific criteria before having the pregnancy terminated, for instance by interviews with doctor’s, given unbiased advice, and consultations with peop... ...at Justice Menhennit ruled that abortion was legal in Australia, to protect the life or health of the woman. This has made abortion available to all who need it, and women can go to Family Planning Centres all over Australia and receive the advice and support that they need. So far about 20,000 Victorian women have an abortion in a year, but that doesn’t compare to the statistics in Britain where 1 in every 4 women will have an abortion at some stage. Lets just keep abortion as the very last option and not travel down the path in which Britain and the USA are heading. We don’t want babies getting thrown out in bins like vegetable waste now do we Works Cited: 1) â€Å"Doctor quits, cites anti-abortion threats† http://www.washingtonpost.com/cgi-bin/gx.cgi/AppLogic 2) â€Å"Half UK Women seeking abortion used contraception† http://dailynews.yahoo.com/h/nm/999013/sc/health_contraception_2.html 3) Abortion Information http://www.medico.abort.jk24/ss_health.com 4) â€Å"Scotland Church Chided on Abortion† http://dailynews.yahoo.com/h/ap/19991011/wl/scotland_pregnancy_4.html 5) Abortion at Family Planning Centres 171 Berkeley Street, Carlton, 3053 Melbourne, Australia

The Impact of Social Media on Terminally Ill Patients Essay -- commun

1. Introduction Social media is changing the way that doctors and patients communicate. It is reshaping health care with the help of modern technical innovations such as internet connectivity, smart phones, tablets, and desktops. This ranges from patient support groups to instant messaging (Aishwarya, 2012:[sp]). Media usage has evolved over the last few years and research in this field has shown how children’s psychological factors are linked to social media (Heim, et al, 2007:49). These factors suggest that the internet is a powerful communication tool that not only connects children with others but also empowers them by providing a learning environment and social support (Heim, et al, 2007:52-53). A rapid and innovated advance in social media offers numerous opportunities for modifying health behaviour by allowing the users to conduct research, review previous experiences, seek out medical advice, and lets users choose whether they would like to be identified or anonymous. Although there is a considerable potential for these media tools such as, video chat, weblogs and social networks, this media usage, requires careful application with regards to how the information is used, and may not always give the desired results when seeking medical advice or solutions (Korda, Itani, 2013:15). Carleen Hawn (2009:361) explains that across the health care industry, new media tools are changing the way that patients and doctors interact which is why people are adopting this method of using social media for health related issues (Korda, Itani, 2013:15). Bates (2013:[sp]) identifies that animation is an excellent and ingenious way to encourage children to communicate stories, ideas and concepts in a creative and original way. As explained... ...M- WEBSTER. 2014. Support Group. [online]. Available from: http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/support%20group [Accessed 12/03/2014]. SEIVERS, C. 2012. 20 hospitals with inspiring social media strategies. [online]. Available from: http://www.prdaily.com/Main/Articles/20_hospitals_with_inspiring_social_media_strategie_10655.aspx [Accessed 12/03/2014]. TEXAS, D. Dialysis and Social Networking. 2013. [online]. Available from: http://devontexas.com/2013/03/30/dialysis-and-social-networking/ [Accessed 26/02/2014]. WIENER, L. CRUM, C. GRADY, C. MERCHANT,M. 2012. To Friend or Not to Friend: The Use of Social Media in Clinical Oncology. 8(2), 103-106. ZANNI, G, R. BROWNE III, C, L. Coping with Terminal Illness. 2010. [online]. Available from: http://www.pharmacytimes.com/publications/issue/2010/August2010/CounselingTerminalIllness-0810 [Accessed 28/02/2014].

Amusement Park Industry

22nd May, 2010 INDIAN AMUSEMENT PARKS INDUSTRY Highlights SECTORAL REPORT †¢ The amusement industry in India is at a growing stage currently with more and more developments happening in this industry all across the country. †¢ The size of the Indian Amusement Park business is estimated to be around Rs 4000 crores and is estimated to grow by 10% per cent per annum till 2010. †¢ The amusement and theme park industry is deemed to be worth Rs. 10000 crores in India by 2020. Janaki Rao. U Analyst Equity Research Desk [email  protected] com Currently for a population of 1. 15 billion in the country, there are only 120 amusement parks and 45 Family Entertainment Centers. This indicates that the growth potential of Indian amusement and theme park industry is substantial. †¢ Global leaders in entertainment parks and attractions like Universal Studios, Disney, Sony and Ripley Entertainment are mulling over investments of billions of dollars in India considering the vast p otential in this region.Private equity funds are also aggressively dedicating resources towards this sector. The Indian small and big players in the Amusement Industry are looking at the tremendous growth potential of this industry in the next 5 years. †¢ Growth of India's retail sector had been the main driving force for the amusement industry in India. †¢ Globally, domestic and international tourists comprise more than 50% of the total footfall at popular amusement parks. †¢ Transport corridors like expressways and the Metro line are bringing an increasing number of people closer to entertainment hubs. The high growth potential of the industry in highly populated India will boost tourism, social infrastructural development as well as employment generation. The success and growth potential of this industry is resulting into the advent of new manufacturers of amusement parks' rides in India. V. S. R. Sastry Vice President Equity Research Desk 91-22-25276077 [email   protected] com Dr. V. V. L. N. Sastry Ph. D. Chief Research Officer [email  protected] com 1 22nd May, 2010 CONTENTS 1. Sector Overview 2. Current Trends 3. Profile of top three Indian Companies 4. SWOT Analysis 5.Conclusion 2 22nd May, 2010 1. Sector Overview Structure & Development The amusement and theme park industry in India is about two decades old and it is relatively new when compared to its origin in USA & Europe. This industry found its roots in India during mid and late 1980s when a few innovative entrepreneurs took challenge of pioneering few amusement parks in Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai and Chennai. The growth in this industry started only in the last decade and that happened possibly during the advent of globalization when economic potential of the social capital began to be perceived.A recent market survey research shows that this industry in India is growing at a rapid pace and over 120 amusement parks and water parks are currently in operation in India. Out of them on ly 15% can be classified in the â€Å"large parks† category, 30% as medium size parks and balance 55% are small size local parks. Investments to the tune of Rs 10,000 crore are likely to flow into the domestic amusement and leisure sector by 2020 with about 500 new parks are expected to come up across the country.The Rs 4,000-crore Indian amusement and leisure industry expects fresh investment of Rs 10,000 crore by the year 2020. In terms of employment generation, the new parks are likely to create jobs for six crore man-hours per month. It is estimated that the total capital investment made in the amusement and theme park industry in India till date, is more than INR 40 billion (excluding investment on land). The estimated annual revenue generated by this industry is approx INR 20 billion, at present, which is expected to grow to almost three times by the year 2020 at a CAGR of over 11%. 22nd May, 2010 Amusement Parks are recreational facilities that offer a varied range of entertainment options ranging from theme parks to spine chilling roller coaster, 3D theater to giant wheel, in a cluster format. These parks provide one-stop-shop leisure and entertainment solutions for the entire family at one place and are a key source of tourist attraction (domestic and foreign) and revenue generation for the State. The demand for entertainment options such as amusement parks, I-max, shopping malls are rapidly increasing across the Country.The key demand drivers for the segments are rising base of middle class, increasing disposable income, changing lifestyle, cultural shift and increasing emphasis to lead a holistic life with a balance of work and leisure. Tourism- Amusement parks During the last decade domestic tourism had grown @ 14% on an average and currently it is estimated at 527 million. Out of this, the amusement park industry generated only 15 million footfall during last year. Globally, domestic and international tourists comprise more than 50% of the total footfall at popular amusement parks. We can, therefore, expect that there ould be manifold increase in footfall in amusement parks in India as the large parks in India are gradually converting themselves to larger destination parks with additional investments following the foot steps of large global parks. Currently for a population of 1. 1 billion in the country, there are only 120 amusement parks and 45 Family Entertainment Centres. This indicates that the growth potential of Indian amusement and theme park industry is substantial. The high growth potential of the industry in highly populated India will boost tourism, social infrastructural development as well as employment generation.The success and growth potential of this industry is resulting into the advent of new manufacturers of amusement parks' rides in India. 4 22nd May, 2010 Today, Indian manufacturers can produce international standard quality products at a competitive price for both the domestic and the global ma rket. Both these areas have good potential. Amusement parks have not received their due recognition for their enormous potential as an infrastructural facility for tourism. The amusement industry worldwide is a very significant part of the tourism effort.In India, the tourism policy does not address the needs and the potential of the amusement industry. As such, today the amusement industry in India receives no special incentives. Recreation Industry – Amusement parks Recreation Industry is currently one of the most exciting sectors in India. The current market for leisure is estimated to cross USD 1 bn in next few years. The leisure industry mainly consist of amusement park, malls family entertainment centers (FECs) and multiplexes. The present consumer base is estimated around 30 million people.At present there are around 200 FECs in the Country and the number is expected to grow to 400 in the next couple of years. Amusement parks contribute nearly 40% of the total leisure industry turnover. Through the years though there is a healthy growth, but at the same time it is burdened by local entertainment tax ranging from 10 to 25 per cent in various states. Further if any imposition of Central Tax like Service Tax will cripple the whole industry. The industry can absorb either of the taxes and not both, he stated.Further he urged to make amusement industry an integral part of tourism and development in India at the Central Government Level. Recreation Industry is currently one of the most exciting sectors in India. The current market for leisure is estimated to cross USD 1 bn in next few years. The leisure industry mainly consist of amusement park, malls family entertainment centers (FECs) and multiplexes. The present consumer base is estimated around 30 million people. 5 22nd May, 2010 At present there are around 200 FECs in the Country and the number is expected to grow to 400 in the next couple of years.Amusement parks contribute nearly 40% of the tota l leisure industry turnover. Retail- Amusement parks Growth of India's retail sector had been the main driving force for the amusement industry in India. Famous Ten Amusement parks in India: 1. Veegaland Park Situated at Pallikkara, this state of art Amusement Park is just 14kms away from Kochi/Cochin. Spread over a whooping 24 acres of land, its 7 storey high Vintage Castle and Caterpillar Village give a Fairy Tale atmosphere. The musical Fountains, flower gardens, water pool and water slides add to the attraction of the Veegaland Amusement Park. 6 2nd May, 2010 2. Ocean Park Ocean Park is situated at Gandipet, 20 km. from Hyderabad, in 20 acres of landscaped gardens, an amusement park that you haven't seen the likes of yet in India. It is one of the first theme parks started in twin-cities and continues to be a great hit especially with children.But it is not the young ones alone who enjoy, even adults can have lots of fun here. It is a family amusement park offering a good mix of fun and thrills for people of all ages with water rideskiddies pool, wave pool, water slides, dry rides- super loop, the 60 feet high ride, bumping cars, slam bomb etc. 7 22nd May, 2010 3. Ramoji Film City Ramoji Film City is the ultimate leisure destination for holidays, honeymooners, corporate conferences, events, theme parties, adventure camps, family picnics and grand weddings. this world s largest integrated film studio complex spread over 2000 acres of land. It was opened by the Film Producer Ramoji Rao in the year 1996. It’s about 25 kms from the main city of Hyderabad and is open the 7 days of a week. The Film City Complex has urban landscapes of US and Australia as well as India.They have the Amazon Army Base as the newest additions to the attractions of the Film City. 8 22nd May, 2010 4. Fun n food Village Fun ‘N' Food Village at Delhi was set up in the year 1993. Fun ‘N' Food Village is situated at Old Delhi-Gurgaon Highway which is just 3 kilometers a way from the Delhi international airport. Fun ‘N' Food Village is for all ages of people. Fun ‘N' Food Village in Delhi was inaugurated by former President of India Giani Zail Singh. 9 22nd May, 2010 5. Essel World Pan India Paryatan Pvt. Ltd. PIPPL) is the company holding EsselWorld – India’s Largest Amusement Park and Water Kingdom – Asia’s Largest Theme Water Park. Pioneers in the entertainment and leisure industry, it was EsselWorld that pulled people out of the staid environment of conventional pleasure trips and unfolded before them the exciting new scenario of a complete leisure destination. A sprawling complex on the coastal Gorai village in northwest Mumbai, â€Å"The Island of Fun† is sprawled over 64 acres and is a refreshing gateway to a whole new world of excitement and fun.The second phase in the expansion plans for PIPPL, Water Kingdom makes this twin park complex a complete destination by itself. It’s never-before seen attractions set amidst unique architecture with international standard amenities and hygiene; catapult Water Kingdom into a different league. It is the only, truly international water park experience in India. 10 22nd May, 2010 6. Adventure Island Sprawling over an area of 62 acres in North West Delhi, it has been made with the venture of Unitech Ltd and International Amusement Ltd. It’s a 164 crore project with a water park and Planet Pogo.There are 26 rides in all and all of them have been imported – supplied by leading European manufacturers such as Intamin, Moser and Zamperla, who supply rides to Disney, Universal Studios and Six Flags. The park is especially popular amongst children and teenagers. The entire Island consists of world class amusement Park, an adventure island and a water park. Retail Environment Metro Walk (Delhi) is spread across 2. 21 lakh sq ft and is anchored to the park. It overlooks a large lake which acts as a separator between the mall and the park.The Park has 26 rides spreading in an area of 3. 5acres. 7. Entertainment City It is thought of as Disney Land of India – the Entertainment City in Noida. Unveiled by former cricket captain and entrepreneur Kapil Dev, it spreads over a whooping 147 acre land with an investment of Rs 10 billion. Built over an area of 100 acres of land, the park has more then 30 rides, supplied from European manufacturers. The Entertainment City Park has three entertainment zones, one for kids, one for teenagers and one for families each with its own separate rides, attractions and food courts.In addition to this it also has a Shopping complex known as the Great IndiaThe Entertainment City is a is a joint venture between Unitech and International Amusement Limited, the promoters of Appu Ghar (Delhi). 11 22nd May, 2010 8. Nicco Park It is situated in the heart of the main City of Calcutta in Salt Lake – its one of the most happening place for the kids and teenagers. The elde rs simply love to be here. Covering an area of 40 acres, it was opened in the year 1991. Jheel Meel was the previous name of the park. It was renamed in he year 1990 with the restructuring of the park. It’s the only Amusing Park in the world which has got ISO 9002 certification. It draws a whopping 1. 5 million people every year. 9. Gujarat Science City Gujarat Science City has been made with a view of imparting education in the form of entertainment. On one of its side, it has small village while on other side the suburban urban area reflects technological atmosphere. The Gujarat Science City has something different from others in the country. Visited by the former Indian President and Scientist Dr.J P Abdul Kalam it exhibits, mind blowing experience, models which can be worked upon, a showcase of virtual reality, activity corners, hands on labs and live demonstrations to provide an understanding of science and technology to the common man. 10. Platinum Resorts The silent ye t beautiful theme park of West Delhi is spreading at 14 acres of land. Big lawns here and the greenery calls people to view the scenery beauty amongst the screaming voice of the city lights. It’s a Resort cum Water Park. The beauty of the Park can be seen from the entrance itself. It has a huge big entrance – with the hugeness it looks more magnificent.The Platinum Resort is just a 30 minutes drive (25 km drive from Paschim Vihar, on Delhi-Rohtak Road, NH no. 10. It’s a good place for family gatherings, parties and of course the entertainment of the entire family. 12 22nd May, 2010 13 22nd May, 2010 Current trends Amusement parks seek uniform entertainment tax The Indian Association of Amusement Parks and Industries, apex body of the amusement parks, has sought uniformity in the entertainment tax being imposed by different states. The Association rues that the exorbitantly charged entertainment tax by some states is a major impediment in the growth of the indust ry in these regions. West Bengal, Punjab and Gujarat charge entertainment tax at 20%, 40% and 25% respectively, whereas the entertainment tax rate hovers around 5-15% in majority of the states. Real Estate companies plans to enter into this market Though the unorganised players hold a majority share in the market, the organised players are also expanding their base. Groups like Nicco Parks, Zee group, Unitech ; Turner and various real estate companies are developing amusement parks in different regions. The foreign developers are also stepping into the Indian amusement industry through collaborations with Indian companies. 14 2nd May, 2010 V Guard group entered into amusement parks V Guard Group of companies, based in Cochin in Kerala, is negotiating with property owners in Mumbai and Chennai for starting amusement parks. The group, which is running Veegaland in Cochin and Wonderla near Bangalore, has identified a place near Chennai to start a watertheme and amusement park, but nego tiations were still on. Growing transportation facilities Transport corridors like expressways and the Metro line are bringing an increasing number of people closer to entertainment hubs. To that extent, they trigger growth of formal means of entertainment.One major development witnessed in National Capital Region (NCR) over the last 4-5 years has been the expansion of Delhi Metro line. This process started in Central and Western parts of the city and is now on course to link South Delhi and Gurgaon. This has provided common man with a mode of transport that is both economical and convenient. While daily journeys like the ones to college or workplace have been simplified – the occasional weekend outing too has been made much simpler as a result of enhanced connectivity to popular entertainment destinations. 5 22nd May, 2010 Expansion of Metro rail project One of the first entertainment destinations, which is strategically located near Rohini Metro Station, was launched by Uni tech. This project was launched prior to the completion of the Metro line and has been fully operational since December 2007. It comprises Adventure Island – an amusement park and the Metro Walk MallThe expansion of Delhi Metro gives us reason to be very optimistic about future of our projects in Rohini, especially Adventure Island.While the city is dotted with malls and retail spaces – this is one of the few amusement parks and hence we expect a significant increase in footfalls upon extension of Metro line to South Delhi and Gurgaon, as distance will no longer be a prime consideration. Profile of top three Indian Companies: 1. Nicco parks ; resorts ltd NPRL was incorporated with the prime objective of providing educative entertainment and wholesome recreation for the entire family simultaneously promoting tourism. NPRL presents a complete leisure package in an eco-friendly atmosphere with thrilling rides, eateries, exclusive landscaping, and indoor sports.This amusem ent park offers all kinds of entertainment under one roof and handles its offerings with professional elan. Business area of the company: At Nicco Park, it offers a wide range of rides and facilities, which the company manufactures in addition to setting up the operation of Amusement or Water Parks on turnkey basis. 16 22nd May, 2010 The company is associated with TUV, India (affiliated to TUEV, Germany) who commission an annual inspection of all its major rides along with manufacturing inspections for the new rides based on approved quality assurance plans.The company can offer overall consultancy to set-up and run Theme Parks successfully. †¢ At the market price of Rs. 70. 00, the stock trades at P/E of 15. 35 x and 12. 96 xs for the earnings of FY10E and FY11E respectively. †¢ Earning per share (EPS) of the company for the earnings of FY10E and FY11E is seen at Rs. 4. 56 and Rs. 5. 40 respectively for equity share of Rs. 10. 00 each. †¢ We recommend ‘BUY†™ in this particular scrip with a target price of Rs. 85. 00 for Medium to Long term investment. Particulars Net Sales (Rs. Mn. ) Net Profit (Rs. Mn. ) EPS (Rs. ) FY08 214. 0 12. 80 2. 73 FY09 244. 00 21. 30 4. 56 % Chg. YoY 13. 59 66. 41 67. 03 17 22nd May, 2010 2. South Asian Enterprises Ltd South Asian Enterprises (SAENTER) is engaged in the business of setting up and running amusement parks and has ventured into the real estate and films. It was incorporated on Mar. 21, 1990 and came out with a public issue on Mar. 30, 1994. Earlier known as South Asian Entertainment, it acquired its present name on Feb. 24, 1995. Associate companies include VLS Capital, Gaurav Overseas Exports, Needle Eye Plastic Industries, Pragati Moulders, M.P. Mehrotra (HUF), VLS Finance, VLS Securities, VLS Investments, VLS Asset Management, and VLS Investments Inc. (USA). The first park was set up in the city of Kanpur under the name and style of Mikky House. Other parks were set up in Lucknow and Ayodh ya. In FY08, the company ventured into marketing of earthing products and execution of contracts for earthing and lightning protection systems. It has also ventured into television serials and film production in collaboration with AUM Sportainment. Come December is a recent production. †¢ At the market price of Rs. 12. 6, the stock trades at P/E of -0. 14 x and 22. 59 xs for the earnings of FY10E and FY11E respectively. †¢ Earning per share (EPS) of the company for the earnings of FY10E and FY11E is seen at Rs. -0. 54 and Rs. 0. 53 respectively for equity share of Rs. 10. 00 each. †¢ We recommend ‘HOLD’ in this particular scrip with a target price of Rs. 20. 00 for Medium to Long term investment. 18 22nd May, 2010 Particulars FY09 FY10E % Chg. YoY Net Sales (Rs. Mn. ) Net Profit (Rs. Mn. ) EPS (Rs. ) 7. 40 1. 87 0. 47 13. 03 -0. 54 – 76. 08 3. Mahindra Holidays ; Resorts India LtdMahindra Holidays ; Resorts India Limited was incorporated as a priva te limited company called ‘Mahindra Holidays ; Resorts India Private Limited’ on September 20, 1996. The status of the Company was changed to a public limited company by a special resolution of the members passed at the annual general meeting held on January 29, 1998. The fresh certificate of incorporation consequent upon conversion was issued to the Company on April 17, 1998, by the Registrar of Companies, Tamil Nadu at Chennai. †¢ At the market price of Rs. 482. 00, the stock trades at P/E of 30. 2 x and 27. 92 x for the earnings of FY10E and FY11E respectively. †¢ Earning per share (EPS) of the company for the earnings of FY10E and FY11E is seen at Rs. 15. 69 and Rs. 17. 25 respectively for equity share of Rs. 10. 00 each. †¢ We recommend ‘BUY’ in this particular scrip with a target price of Rs. 575. 00 for Medium to Long term investment. 19 22nd May, 2010 Particulars Net Sales (Rs. Mn. ) Net Profit (Rs. Mn. ) EPS (Rs. ) FY10 5101. 96 1178 . 37 14. 44 FY11E 5694. 23 1307. 23 15. 69 % Chg. YoY 11. 61 10. 94 8. 66 SWOT Analysis Strengths †¢ Fastest growing sector High margins †¢ Growing foreign Investments †¢ Customers satisfaction Weaknesses †¢ Seasonal business †¢ Low entry fees †¢ No special incentives from govt 20 22nd May, 2010 Opportunities †¢ Currently for a population of 1. 15 billion in the country, there are only 120 amusement parks and 45 Family Entertainment Centers. This indicates that the growth potential of Indian amusement and theme park industry is substantial. †¢ Transport corridors like expressways and the Metro line are bringing an increasing number of people closer to entertainment hubs. The Indian gaming market is on the path of maturity, income levels are rising and people want to have a fun life. †¢ The foreign companies reportedly interested in the Indian amusement parks market include Universal Studios, Time Warner and Disney. †¢ Growing tourism industry †¢ Growing retail market Threats/ Challenges †¢ Factors such as monsoon and cold weather affect the industry and in a year, only 100 days are the ‘peak season' for the parks. †¢ Lack of uniform taxation †¢ Govt policies †¢ Rising material cost of equipment 21 22nd May, 2010Conclusion: The high growth potential of the industry in highly populated India will boost tourism, social infrastructural development as well as employment generation. The success and growth potential of this industry is resulting into the advent of new manufacturers of amusement parks' rides in India. Currently for a population of 1. 15 billion in the country, there are only 120 amusement parks and 45 Family Entertainment Centers. This indicates that the growth potential of Indian amusement and theme park industry is substantial.Global leaders in entertainment parks and attractions like Universal Studios, Disney, Sony and Ripley Entertainment are mulling over investments of billions of dollars in India considering the vast potential in this region. Private equity funds are also aggressively dedicating resources towards this sector. The growth of the Indian economy will drive the Industry to, â€Å"grow both vertically & horizontally. Vertically, in terms of the scale of investment and horizontally across the length and the breadth of the country. The greatest growth potential is the enormous amount of dormant/under-utilised land in India’s hinterland.Hotels and resorts are already showing interest in developing existing plots into anything form small play areas to full scale theme or water parks. _______________________________________________________ Disclaimer: This document prepared by our research analysts does not constitute an offer or solicitation for the purchase or sale of any financial instrument or as an official confirmation of any transaction. The information contained herein is from publicly available data or other sources beli eved to be reliable but we do not represent that it is accurate or complete and it should not be relied on as such .Firstcall India Equity Advisors Pvt. Ltd. or any of it’s affiliates shall not be in any way responsible for any loss or damage that may arise to any person from any inadvertent error in the information contained in this report. This document is provide for assistance only and is not intended to be and must not alone be taken as the basis for an investment decision. 22 22nd May, 2010 Firstcall India Equity Research: Email – [email  protected] com B. Harikrishna Banking B. Prathap IT A. Rajesh Babu FMCG C. V. S. L. Kameswari Pharma U. Janaki Rao Capital Goods E.Swethalatha Oil & Gas D. Ashakirankumar Automobile Kavita Singh Diversified Nimesh Gada Diversified Priya Shetty Diversified Tarang Pawar Diversified Firstcall India also provides Firstcall India Equity Advisors Pvt. Ltd focuses on, IPO’s, QIP’s, F. P. O’s, Takeover Offers, Off er for Sale and Buy Back Offerings. Corporate Finance Offerings include Foreign Currency Loan Syndications, Placement of Equity / Debt with multilateral organizations, Short Term Funds Management Debt & Equity, Working Capital Limits, Equity & Debt Syndications and Structured Deals.Corporate Advisory Offerings include Mergers & Acquisitions (domestic and cross-border), divestitures, spin-offs, valuation of business, corporate Restructuring-Capital and Debt, Turnkey Corporate Revival – Planning & Execution, Project Financing, Venture capital, Private Equity and Financial Joint Ventures Firstcall India also provides Financial Advisory services with respect to raising of capital through FCCBs, GDRs, ADRs and listing of the same on International Stock Exchanges namely AIMs, Luxembourg, Singapore Stock Exchanges and Other international stock exchanges.For Further Details Contact: 3rd Floor, Sankalp, The Bureau, Dr. R. C. Marg, Chembur, Mumbai 400 071 Tel. : 022-2527 2510/2527 6077 /25276089 Telefax: 022-25276089 E-mail: [email  protected] com www. firstcallindiaequity. com 23